How to stop receding gums?

Gum recession occurs when the gums recede, exposing the necks or roots of the teeth. People often notice this issue only when the tooth necks are already exposed. It is crucial to address the problem and its causes as early as possible because, once lost, gum tissue does not grow back and can only be corrected surgically.

Why do gums recede?

Gum recession can occur due to various factors. Poor oral hygiene, leading to plaque and tartar buildup, is a primary cause that can result in gum disease and recession. Infections such as gingivitis and periodontitis weaken the gums and bone structure, causing them to recede. Aggressive brushing with a hard toothbrush or using excessive force can also wear down the gums. Tooth misalignment can create uneven pressure, contributing to recession. Tobacco use, whether smoking or chewing, can damage the gums. Hormonal changes, particularly in women, can make gums more sensitive and prone to recession. Genetics also play a role, as some individuals are more predisposed to this condition. Teeth grinding or clenching exerts excessive force on the gums, leading to recession. Poorly fitting dental appliances, such as dentures or braces, can irritate the gums. Lastly, medical conditions like diabetes can affect gum health and contribute to recession. Proper oral hygiene, regular dental check-ups, and lifestyle changes can help prevent gum recession.

Why are healthy gums important?

Rosy, firm gums and healthy, white teeth are key to personal radiance, and receding gums can certainly affect aesthetics. However, maintaining healthy gums is crucial for more than just appearance. Gums are an essential part of the oral mucosa, covering the teeth from the jawbone to the crown and forming a protective barrier that prevents inflammatory bacteria from reaching the tooth roots and jaw. Additionally, healthy gums ensure that the teeth fit securely.

Can receding gums be stopped?

Receding gums are a warning sign that should be addressed under dental supervision. If mechanical damage from improper cleaning techniques is the cause, changing your methods and tools can help prevent the problem from worsening. Avoid applying too much pressure and refrain from rough back-and-forth scrubbing. Instead, use gentle wiping motions from the gums to the teeth, as often recommended. Toothbrushes with soft bristles are better suited for damaged gums.

For those with periodontitis, optimal oral hygiene is crucial to reduce the bacteria causing the condition. The foundation includes brushing twice daily for at least three minutes. Use a soft toothbrush and preferably an antibacterial, fluoridated toothpaste. Be thorough yet gentle to avoid further gum injury. Since a toothbrush cannot reach interdental spaces and implant cavities, daily use of dental floss is essential. A tongue cleaner with special ribs and nubs allows for gentle and effective cleaning of the tongue's surface, preventing harmful bacteria accumulation. Additionally, individuals with periodontitis should consult their dental practice for appropriate medical therapy.

If the gums are only slightly affected, they can still regenerate once the causes are addressed. However, gum recession cannot be reversed, as lost tissue does not regenerate. In such cases, periodontal surgery is necessary. Dentists have several options:

• Flap Surgery and Root Planing: The affected tissue is surgically detached from the tooth, the roots are cleaned and smoothed, and the gums are sewn back to their original position.
• Regeneration: Damaged bone and gum tissue are cleaned, and a membrane made from tissue stimulating protein or a tissue graft is inserted. The gums are then sutured back together. 
• Tissue Transplant: For severely damaged tissue, a transplant may be advisable. The dentist removes tissue from the surrounding gums or palate and uses it to cover exposed tooth roots. 

These procedures aim to restore the health and functionality of the gums.